做好重点机构和场所疫情防控******
国务院联防联控机制11日召开新闻发布会,介绍重点机构和重点场所疫情防控有关情况,并答记者问。国家卫健委新闻发言人、宣传司副司长米锋说,新冠病毒感染实施“乙类乙管”后,重点人群、重点机构、重点场所仍然是防控重点。养老机构、社会福利机构等场所高风险人群较多、人员集中,疫情传播风险大。要加强健康监测和早期干预,确保重症高风险人员能够及时发现、及时转诊、及时救治。商超、物流、餐饮、交通等行业的从业人员要加强个人防护,做好自我健康监测,出现症状及时报告。
中国疾控中心传防处研究员常昭瑞介绍,实施“乙类乙管”以后,疫情防控的重点机构包括养老机构、儿童福利领域服务机构、精神卫生福利机构、学校、邮政快递、医疗机构等,重点场所包括客运车站、商场超市、农贸(集贸)市场、餐饮服务单位以及沐浴服务单位等人员密集、空间密闭、容易发生聚集性疫情的场所。相关机构和场所应落实好单位防控责任和个人的疫苗接种、自我防护、健康监测、环境清洁消毒和通风换气等措施。
近日,国务院联防联控机制综合组印发了《养老机构新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控操作指南》,对养老机构疫情防控提出了具体要求。民政部养老服务司副司长李邦华介绍,《指南》对养老机构的疫情防控总体上严于社会面,强调因时因势动态优化调整。突出防范疫情引入和扩散风险,对养老机构防范社会面感染源进入,以及出现感染后如何应急处置提出了详细要求。强化了就医用药的优先保障,要求养老机构落实分类分级健康服务要求,做好医药物资供给,与医疗机构建立转诊、急救绿色通道,确保出现危重疾病患者时能及时救治和转诊。
李邦华说,“保健康、防重症”是养老机构疫情防控的重心。目前,全国有4万多个养老机构,入住老年人220多万人,多数是高龄、失能和有基础病的老年人,一旦感染,重症风险较高。民政部指导养老机构每天做好至少两次的健康监测和每周两次的核酸或抗原检测;落实养老机构老年人分类分级的健康服务,为老年人配备必要的血氧仪和吸氧设备,做到对高风险老年人给予重点关注和重症前期“早识别”;发挥养老机构内设医疗机构和定点协议医疗机构的作用,储备相应的药物,通过远程诊疗或者上门巡诊服务,做到感染老年人诊疗“早干预”;健全养老机构感染者的转运机制和就医绿色通道,提高转诊效率。
实施“乙类乙管”后,城乡社区疫情防控工作有哪些新要求?民政部基层政权建设和社会治理司一级巡视员李健介绍,1月6日,民政部、农业农村部、国家卫健委、国家疾控局印发《关于在城乡社区做好新型冠状病毒感染“乙类乙管”有关疫情防控工作的通知》明确要求,城乡社区要健全疫情防控体系,把防控措施具体落实到自然村、居民小区;要分级分类做好健康服务,保障好重点人群就医用药需求,要及时响应居民群众健康服务需求,及时帮助解决居民群众反映的急难愁盼问题;要做好宣传引导工作,引导居民群众科学理性认识新冠病毒,树立人人都是自己健康第一责任人的理念;要关心关爱一线城乡社区工作者。
“社区疫情防控是为了居民群众,也要依靠居民群众。”李健说,应该充分发挥党组织领导作用和村民委员会、居民委员会以及村(社区)卫生服务机构的基础作用,细化村民小组长、居民小组长、楼门栋长以及网格员的责任。农村地区还要依托五级书记健全疫情防控机制,进一步完善疫情防控体系。要加快推动公共卫生委员会的全覆盖。要创新社区与社会组织、社会工作者、社区志愿者以及社会慈善资源的联动机制,完善社区志愿服务制度,动员居民群众就近就便开展邻里互助等活动。
春节期间,商场、超市、农贸市场等客流量较大,如何做好防控?商务部消费促进司一级巡视员耿洪洲说,商务部严格按照“乙类乙管”总体方案,制定了商场、超市、农贸(集贸)市场等新冠病毒感染疫情防控操作指南,明确防控制度、环境卫生、员工卫生防护等要求,指导行业做好防控工作。
实施“乙类乙管”之后,在公共场所是否有必要继续戴口罩?常昭瑞说,当前,国内疫情仍处于不同流行阶段,仍需做好个人防护,科学规范佩戴口罩。在以下情形应佩戴口罩:进入医院、商场、超市、室内会场、机场车站等环境密闭、人员密集的公共场所,乘坐飞机、火车、地铁等公共交通工具、厢式电梯时;进入养老机构、社会福利机构等脆弱人群集中场所;出现发热、干咳、乏力、咽痛等相关症状时;近距离接触或者护理感染者以及有新冠病毒感染相关症状人员;医务工作者、快递、保洁等从事公共服务的工作人员。(记者申少铁)
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)